What causes problems, why they become chronic, and why companies need external help. With the Big Bang, the universe became one huge web of systems composed of subsystems, which in themselves are composed of their own subsystems. With the Big Bang time and space started and as time advances, change occurs but the subsystems do not change at the same speed. The change is not synchronous. Some subsystems change faster than others.

Corruption is a dirty word. All over the world people want to fight corruption because they feel it is unfair, unethical, and destructive. And it is. I find however that the solution given, persecution, to be ineffective . I would like to present a new perspective that in SOME CASES, corruption fulfills a needed function; if you eliminate it completely, the side effects may be worse. It should be eradicated differently than through the penalty system. Penalties are at best a band aid. In the Hebrew language there is an expression (I don’t know the source of it): a hole in the fence invites the thief. In other words, some people are weak in character. If there is something a person might cherish or want that they can get by exploiting the opportunity the hole offers, those of weak character will be tempted to get in and follow up on their temptation.

Dr. Adizes interview with World Apart

There are companies that specialize in providing solutions to chronic problems when an organization is not successful in solving them by itself. Consulting, coaching, and organizational development firms have traditionally provided these services. Organizational therapy represents a paradigm shift in helping companies solve the chronic problems that hamper their development or threaten their existence.

Capital is anything one can use to generate income. In the past, it was easy to attach monetary value to most forms of capital. This is no longer the case as other ambiguous forms of capital started to play significantly larger role in organization’s capability to compete. And they are more unique to the organization and less interchangeable.

Implementing participative management in companies where workers or their representatives do not reap the benefits of their participation does not work well...

Many mistakes happen because people don't distinguish between the two different requirements. Here's an example. People might tell you, "It is a good decision” but they drag their feet to implement it. The decision will be at best, partially implemented or altered or not be implemented at all, or worse, implemented maliciously: they will sabotage the implementation. Where is the mistake? What is happening?

The question of how to manage in a time of crisis, and specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic, requires an analysis of the roots of the crisis. With the Big Bang time and space started and the universe became one big web of sub-systems that have to collaborate horizontally and vertically for the total system to operate.